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WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fatty substance that is made by most cells of the body and also enters the body in certain foods. Cholesterol is important for many body functions (eg for the synthesis of many hormones).
Some cholesterol is normally present in plasma (the liquid part of blood) attached to proteins (lipoproteins) that transport it and other fat molecules around the body. The two major types of lipoproteins that carry cholesterol are low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). LDL transports cholesterol from the liver to other tissues, which can take up LDL and its cholesterol. In particular, LDL can be taken up by various arteries in the body and may accumulate within their walls. This results in formation of plaques (fibro-fatty areas rich in cholesterol) in the vessel walls, part of the disease known as atherosclerosis. The plaques may lead to vessel narrowing and formation of clots (thrombi) within them. Depending on which arteries are affected, one may suffer from a heart attack, a stroke, or some other vascular event.
The precise causes of a high level of blood cholesterol are very complex, with many genetic factors playing important roles. However, the bottom line is that a high level of plasma cholesterol is one of the major risk factors for heart disease and strokes.
Disclaimer To go forward, please acknowledge the following statement: The material provided on this site is designed for information and educational purposes only. The materials are not intended to be a self diagnostic and/or self treatment tool. We encourage you to use this information as a tool for discussing your medical condition with your health practitioner. |
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